Thyroid Hormones [TH] play
critical roles in differentiation, growth, and metabolism; they act as
pleiotropic factors in many tissues during development, by regulating genes
involved in differentiation. TH has important tissue effects, which are
classified into three major aspects.
General thermogenesis, mediated
by increase the basal metabolic rate; general metabolic effects, mediated
by stimulates protein and lipid turnover, and carbohydrate metabolism; and
effects on growth and developmental. Peripheral metabolism of TH is a critical
component of the impact these hormones have on intracellular function.
TH action is mediated by multiple
Thyroid Hormone Receptor isoforms [TRs] derived from two distinct genes. TRs
are intracellular DNAbinding proteins that function as hormone-responsive
transcription factors; they can activate or repress gene transcription
depending on the promoter context and ligand-binding status.
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