Break the Resistance to Fuel Metabolism: A Long Journey with Bright Future

Metabolic syndrome is characterized by systemic insulin resistance that impairs the ability of insulin to regulate fuel (such as glucose and fat) metabolism.

This syndrome has become a global epidemic problem with estimates of prevalence ranging from 20 to 40% in different populations and has been recognized as a powerful risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.

Thus, effectively fighting this disastrous health problem is a matter of utmost urgency.

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Frequency of Metabolic Syndrome in a Rural District Hospital in Malaysia

The term ‘Metabolic Syndrome’ (MetS) dates back to at least the late 1950s, but came into common use in the late 1970s to describe various associations between risk factors and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) noted as early as the 1920s.

MetS is a cluster of interrelated factors that increase the risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CAD) and type 2 DM. The central feature of MetS is obesity and its prevalence is increasing with the ‘obesity epidemic’.

The increased prevalence of MetS is accompanied with three-fold and two-fold increases in type 2 DM and CAD respectively and has become a major health challenge worldwide

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Metabolic Syndrome in First Manic Episode: A Comparison between Patients with or without Previous Depressive Episode

Diagnosed with dipolar disorder type I according to DSM-IV criteria fifty four patients who were had a least one previous depressive episode (PDE) and 87 patients who were experiencing their first manic episode (FME) evaluated consecutively for inclusion.

Comorbid axis I disorders and alcohol or substance use were excluded. NCEP ATP III formulated an operational definition of MetS based on the presence of three or more of the following characteristics: abdominal obesity (waist circumference), hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL or being on an antilipidemic agent, high blood pressure or being on an antihypertensive agent, and fasting hyperglycemia or being on antiglycemic agent.

The patients who had been in remission period for at least 8 weeks were evaluated with SCIP-TURK and TEMPS-A. Remission was defined as YMRS score<5.

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Ethnic Differences in the Risk of Developing Metabolic Syndrome or its Components in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Women with a history of GDM mellitus (GDM) are known to be at increased cardiovascular risk. These women require more non-invasive cardiac diagnostic procedures and present with more cardiovascular episodes and hospital admissions for cardiovascular reasons, compared to healthy controls.

One-third to one-half of women with a history of GDM will develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) within 3-5 years, and this condition is a known risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease.

Moreover, metabolic and cardiovascular alterations that increases the risk of T2DM and cardiovascular disease cluster together in the metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by central body adiposity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and elevated fasting glucose levels.

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